Anxiety and Depression in Adults

Anxiety and depression are among the most common mental health conditions. They affect how people think, feel, and act. Symptoms can interfere with work, school, and relationships.

Both conditions are highly treatable, but many people find it difficult to ask for help. Talking to your primary care doctor is a good place to start. They will listen and work with you to find the right diagnosis and treatment, and may refer you to a specialist for further care. 

A primary care doctor can screen for anxiety and depression, discuss your symptoms, and recommend treatment.

They may ask you questions about:

• Family and medical history
• Lifestyle habits (nutrition, exercise, and sleep)
• Medications
• Recent life changes or stressors

Your doctor may use standardized mental health questionnaires to better understand your situation.

They may also check for other conditions that can occur with anxiety and depression, such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or a thyroid disorder.  They can recommend further evaluation if needed.

Anxiety and depression have different emotional and physical symptoms. Anxiety typically causes ongoing worry or fear. Depression typically causes persistent sadness and low energy. However, both conditions can share some symptoms.

Many people experience anxiety and depression at the same time. Your primary care doctor can help diagnose whether you have one or both conditions. 

Feeling anxious from time to time is common. However, anxiety disorders are mental health conditions that cause frequent worry and disrupt daily life.

Some of the most commonly diagnosed anxiety disorders are generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder.

Generalized anxiety disorder causes excessive worry, even when there is no clear reason.

Social anxiety disorder causes intense fear in social situations. People worry about being judged and embarrassed in front of others. This can lead to avoiding social interactions, activities, and everyday situations. 

Panic disorder causes recurring panic attacks — sudden episodes of intense fear — even when there’s no danger.

Talk to your primary care doctor if you are experiencing symptoms of anxiety.

Depression is more than a sad day or feeling “blue.” It is a diagnosable mood disorder with ongoing symptoms that make routine tasks feel overwhelming.

You and your primary care doctor will create a personalized treatment plan that may include a mix of therapy, medication, and lifestyle changes. Your doctor can connect you with behavioral health specialists for additional support.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a form of talk therapy. A behavioral health specialist teaches you how to change the thoughts and behaviors that make you feel anxious or depressed. You also develop healthier coping skills.

Your doctor can prescribe medication that may improve mood or reduce anxiety.

Good nutrition, regular exercise, and a routine sleep schedule can help support physical and mental health. Mindfulness practices, such as meditation, yoga, or journaling, may reduce stress.

It’s also important to keep up with your annual physical exam to discuss any changes in your health with your primary care physician.

A mental health crisis or suicidal thoughts can happen to anyone, but there is hope and help. Call or text 988, the Suicide and Crisis Lifeline, if you or someone you know is in crisis.