Pediatric Vascular Anomalies

Specialized care for blood vessel defects.

Smiling boy in a blue shirt and smiling doctor in a lab coat touch each other's noses in the pediatric vascular anomalies clinic

Lots of babies are born with birthmarks; some go away on their own without causing problems, but others won’t and can cause problems. A vascular anomaly is a kind of birthmark. They can be different sizes, so they may or may not be noticeable at birth. The vascular anomalies clinic offers the expertise of a multidisciplinary team to take away your stress and help with diagnosis and the right treatment for your child, if needed. Our team helps babies, kids and young adults through 25 years of age. Some children need monitoring, medication and surgery to prevent complications.

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A vascular anomaly is a kind of birthmark, although they can be different sizes and different appearances so they may or may not be noticeable at birth. It is a localized defect in blood vessels that can affect each part of the vasculature (capillaries, arteries, veins, lymphatics or a combination of these).

Conditions we treat

Your little one has a raised, strawberry-like birthmark, or hemangioma. It's actually a bundle of tiny blood vessels, and many hemangiomas disappear on their own by age 10. However, you should talk with our doctors who specialize in children's vascular anomalies if your child’s birthmark is large, painful, in a worrisome location, if there are multiple birthmarks or if it doesn't go away on its own. Our multidisciplinary team can determine if treatment, such as medicines to help it go away faster, are needed.

A hemangioma is a vascular anomaly and occurs in about one in 10 children. They can appear anywhere on the body, including internally, particularly in the liver. External birthmarks like this often appear on the face. If a hemangioma is near the eye, it can interfere with vision. They may also be susceptible to sores. We strongly recommend any infant with a hemangioma have close follow-up care with his or her primary care provider, being seen in two-week intervals instead of the typical four-week time frame to better evaluate how fast the hemangioma is growing and if treatment may be needed.

Your child's care begins here

If your child has a concerning hemangioma, it is time to talk with our multidisciplinary team, which has a core group of providers with experience in vascular anomalies. By working together, our experts from pediatric hematology/oncology, plastic surgery, dermatology, neurosurgery, ophthalmology, otolaryngology (ENT), surgery, radiology and interventional radiology can come up with a plan for your child's comfort and confidence.

The size, location and growth rate of the hemangioma help you (and us) arrive at the solution. Large or poorly located hemangiomas (such as on eyelids) can cause vision complications and self-consciousness. Treatment may include surveillance or medicines that can help hemangiomas go away faster. In some cases, surgery may be necessary. Your child is in good hands with our pediatric plastic surgeons, general surgeons or neurosurgeons.

Treatments we provide

Corticosteroid medicine
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Steroid medicine, such as corticosteroid, helps shrink the size of a hemangioma. It is now more commonly reserved for hemangiomas that do not appear to respond to propranolol or for complicated hemangiomas with other associated symptoms (such as difficulties breathing). It can be taken by mouth or injected into the hemangioma.

Hemangioma surgery
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Laser or surgical removal can shrink or remove blood vessels of hemangiomas.

Propranolol therapy
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Propranolol therapy is now the first-line treatment for problematic hemangiomas. It can be given by mouth two or three times a day.

Your little one has a raised, strawberry-like birthmark, or hemangioma. It's actually a bundle of tiny blood vessels, and many hemangiomas disappear on their own by age 10. However, you should talk with our doctors who specialize in children's vascular anomalies if your child’s birthmark is large, painful, in a worrisome location, if there are multiple birthmarks or if it doesn't go away on its own. Our multidisciplinary team can determine if treatment, such as medicines to help it go away faster, are needed.

A hemangioma is a vascular anomaly and occurs in about one in 10 children. They can appear anywhere on the body, including internally, particularly in the liver. External birthmarks like this often appear on the face. If a hemangioma is near the eye, it can interfere with vision. They may also be susceptible to sores. We strongly recommend any infant with a hemangioma have close follow-up care with his or her primary care provider, being seen in two-week intervals instead of the typical four-week time frame to better evaluate how fast the hemangioma is growing and if treatment may be needed.

Your child's care begins here

If your child has a concerning hemangioma, it is time to talk with our multidisciplinary team, which has a core group of providers with experience in vascular anomalies. By working together, our experts from pediatric hematology/oncology, plastic surgery, dermatology, neurosurgery, ophthalmology, otolaryngology (ENT), surgery, radiology and interventional radiology can come up with a plan for your child's comfort and confidence.

The size, location and growth rate of the hemangioma help you (and us) arrive at the solution. Large or poorly located hemangiomas (such as on eyelids) can cause vision complications and self-consciousness. Treatment may include surveillance or medicines that can help hemangiomas go away faster. In some cases, surgery may be necessary. Your child is in good hands with our pediatric plastic surgeons, general surgeons or neurosurgeons.

Treatments we provide

Corticosteroid medicine
close icon

Steroid medicine, such as corticosteroid, helps shrink the size of a hemangioma. It is now more commonly reserved for hemangiomas that do not appear to respond to propranolol or for complicated hemangiomas with other associated symptoms (such as difficulties breathing). It can be taken by mouth or injected into the hemangioma.

Hemangioma surgery
close icon

Laser or surgical removal can shrink or remove blood vessels of hemangiomas.

Propranolol therapy
close icon

Propranolol therapy is now the first-line treatment for problematic hemangiomas. It can be given by mouth two or three times a day.

It is stressful to learn your child has something wrong with his or her circulatory (also called vascular) system. You may have never even heard of lymphatic malformation before. Our multidisciplinary team of experts in vascular anomalies can help take away your confusion and stress, and help your child live a normal, healthy life.

All lymphatic malformations are present at birth, and while some are evident at birth, many may not become obvious until later in life. They may appear as a lump or mass of tissue that allows fluid to build up in abnormal channels and spaces, or a deep purple sore at the surface of the skin. Since a lymphatic malformation will never go away on its own, expert treatment is required to heal this condition, prevent infection and prevent complications.

Your child's care begins here

Treatment for your child focuses on his or her specific symptoms of lymphatic malformation and any medical complications related to it. You will work with a team of pediatric specialists who have experience with vascular anomalies to determine options for your child for follow-up and treatment. Together, we will determine what’s right for your child.

There are two main types of lymphatic malformation: macrocysts and microcysts. This is helpful in determining effective forms of treatment for your child. From treatment through follow-up care, we'll provide support and education along the way.

Treatments we provide

Antibiotics
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If your child encounters an infection, antibiotic medicine treats the infection.

Observation
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Your care team will watch for growth or changes. They will respond accordingly if your child's treatment plan needs to be adjusted.

Sclerotherapy
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This is a direct injection of medicine into the lymphatic malformation that will help to shrink it. It may have a limited effect on microcystic types of lymphatic malformations.

Surgery
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Surgery may also be performed to remove the lymphatic malformation.

Venous malformations are usually present at birth, but may or may not be obvious. They refer to an enlarged or abnormally dilated portion of any blood vessel and can occur anywhere in the body. Each case is one-of-a-kind, based on where the malformation occurs and how many exist. To give your child relief from pain and yourself peace of mind going forward, you need an expert. We have a multidisciplinary team of specialists in vascular anomalies in children who can help with the diagnosis and the right treatment for your child, if needed.

Venous malformations are dilated, abnormal veins that can produce visible distortion of the skin as a child grows. Venous malformations can increase your child’s risk for infections, blood clots and painful swelling. One in 200 people have venous malformations. While there is no cure, surgery, medication and other therapies can help manage this condition.

Your child's care begins here

Treatment for venous malformation depends on the size, depth and location on the body. Fortunately, our pediatric specialists have expertise in this condition and offer extensive treatment options for your child, if needed. You’ll work closely with a pediatric hematologist, interventional radiologist and plastic surgeon, as well as other specialists (if necessary) to properly remove or shrink these birthmarks. Because venous malformations don’t go away on their own, multiple treatment sessions may be necessary.

Our goal is to improve function and restore your child’s physical and emotional well-being. Venous malformations are treatable. However, they can suddenly expand due to injury, pregnancy or puberty. We’ll be with you every step of the way monitoring and adjusting treatment as needed.

Treatments we provide

Compression garments
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These are used to control swelling and pain for venous malformations in the arms and legs.

Laser therapy
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Using a laser light, instead of invasive surgery, helps shrink abnormal veins. Several treatments over six to eight weeks apart improve venous malformations.

Observation
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Smaller birthmarks are observed over time and usually require no treatment. Because venous malformations can suddenly expand, observation may be recommended.

Sclerotherapy
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Usually requiring multiple treatments, injections with irritating solution shrink abnormal veins. Larger lesions may also be treated, along with surgical excision.

Surgical removal
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If your child's birthmark is in one spot and easily accessible, a surgical removal of either a portion of or the entire malformation may be the most effective treatment.

Meet the team

Our team has a core group of multidisciplinary providers with expertise in vascular anomalies. Pediatric specialists from hematology/oncology, interventional radiology, neurology, otolaryngology (ENT), ophthalmology, plastic surgery, radiology and surgery work together to provide feedback and care.

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